The organic standards generally prohibit products of genetic engineering and animal cloning, synthetic pesticides, synthetic fertilizers, sewage sludge, synthetic drugs, synthetic food processing aids and ingredients, and ionizing radiation. All grains, forages and protein supplements fed to livestock must be organically grown. The Permitted Substances List identifies substances permitted for use as a pesticides in organic agriculture. Organically approved pesticides include “natural” or other pest management products included in the Permitted Substances List (PSL) of the organic standards. Integrated pest and weed management, and soil conservation systems are valuable tools on an organic farm. Preventative insect and disease control methods are practiced, including crop rotation, improved genetics and resistant varieties. Cover crops and composted manure are used to maintain soil organic matter and fertility. Organic residues and nutrients produced on the farm are recycled back to the soil. Organic farming promotes the use of crop rotations and cover crops, and encourages balanced host/predator relationships.
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